Eleanor is a senior in the College of Arts & Sciences pursuing a degree in History, with a concentration in American History. Her research interests lie in the histories of local political organizing, as well as the contemporary political relevance of histories, and storytelling. As a Wolf Humanities Fellow and honors thesis student, Eleanor is researching the crucial role of Philadelphia, New York, and Boston’s philanthropic and social organizations in the assertion of freedom by Black women during the first half of the nineteenth century. At Penn, Eleanor is a Civic Scholar and Mayor’s Scholar, and is involved in The Daily Pennsylvanian and 34th Street Magazine. When Eleanor isn’t in the archives or writing, she enjoys fostering cats, taking photos on her Kodak, and finding new ways to eat chickpeas.
Eleanor Grauke
Wolf Humanities Center Undergraduate Fellow
2024—2025 Forum on Keywords
Eleanor Grauke
History
Freedom’s Architects: Early Club Culture and the Politics of Empowerment among Black Women in Antebellum ‘Free’ Cities
The antebellum era is ripe with complex narratives of communal resilience and freedom. Yet, within this broader historiography, the experiences and agency of Black women have often been marginalized and overlooked. This project aims to illustrate the dynamic ways in which Black women living in ‘free’ cities of the antebellum era—namely Philadelphia, New York City, and Boston—crafted and asserted their own sense of meaningful freedom, despite, and often in direct protest of, the limitations imposed both by the law and white society. I argue that this was accomplished through their belonging to women’s philanthropic and social organizations, which utilized clothing, funerary politics, economic aid, and religion, and struggled against poverty, criminality, and perceptions of Black womanhood. My ultimate goal in this project is to offer insights which go beyond the traditional historical narratives of antebellum America and underscore the significance of daily, forgotten advocacy.