In late 1990s Rwanda, memorials dedicated to the 1994 genocide emerged with a distinct aesthetic. At sites of mass killing, victims’ bodies and building damages were preserved as official, state memorials. This book documents the first decisions, institutions, and labor that constituted that conflict geography. It also considers the legacy of these practices through the views of residents living near memorials two decades after the genocide. At the center of this project is an interest in exploring the intentions and impacts of the decision to preserve the visibility of the genocide. To this end, I contribute original research from newly discovered photographs, maps, and films of genocide investigations during 1994-1998; ethnographic research with rural residents; and oral histories with a Rwandan government official and international human rights worker who led early memorial curation. These primary sources reveal the contradictions inherent in a memorialization project equally motivated by remembrance, justice, and state sovereignty. Rwanda’s Genocide Heritage reconstructs the origins of these memorials and the labor involved in their curation. The book’s chapters reflect on the affective experience of atrocity heritage along with the political and historiographic functions of spaces of memory.